Education

Anderson Secondary School
GCE O-Level, L1R5: 6 (Raw: 10)
Double Science, Double Mathematics, Double Humanities, and Higher Chinese

Awarded Good Progress Award
Represented school as commander for Girl Guides Thinking Day 2011
Clinched Girl Guide Singapore Puan Noor Aishah (PNA) Gold Award for 3 consecutive years
Pioneer Junior College
GCE A-Level, Rank Points 85 / 90
H2 Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics and Economics

Awards
  • Principal's List
  • Certificate of Academic Achievement
  • Award for Achievement, Good Leadership and Service

Represented College and Singapore in World Scholars Cup, a prestigious international multi-disciplinary academic decathlon, clinching numerous accolades
Member of Sirius Scholar Programme for good academic standing and excellent conduct
Member of Nobel House Executive Committee, organizing House bonding activities and leading the House cheers in sports and other events held in school
Zhe Jiang University
Asian Leadership Programme Scholarship, Summer Exchange
Design Fiction, Design Thinking and Expression, History of Chinese Painting

Awarded to only 93 students of the cohort
Researched, designed and crafted ceramic products using traditional techniques in Jing De Zhen, the porcelain capital of China
Singapore University of Technology and Design
Bachelor of Engineering, Engineering Systems and Design (ESD), Summa Cum Laude
ESD Focus Track: Financial Services

Awards
  • Asian Leadership Programme Scholarship
  • Honours List for Freshmore Terms
  • Top Performing Student for Financial Services Focus Track

Represented College in CFA Institute Research Challenge (Season 2017-2018)
Course studied: Details below
National University of Singapore
Master of Computing, Computer Science, CGPA 4.85 / 5.00
Specialization: Computer Science

4 out of 10 modules with A+
Course studied: Details below
National University of Singapore
Master of Computing, Computer Science, CGPA 4.85 / 5.00
2020 - 2021
Specialization: Computer Science
4 out of 10 modules with A+
Course studied: Details below


Singapore University of Technology and Design
Bachelor of Engineering, Engineering Systems and Design (ESD), Summa Cum Laude
2015 - 2018
ESD Focus Track: Financial Services
Awarded Asian Leadership Programme Scholarship, Honours List for Freshmore Terms and Top Performing Student for Financial Services Focus Track
Represented College in CFA Institute Research Challenge (Season 2017-2018)
Course studied: Details below


Zhe Jiang University
Asian Leadership Programme Scholarship, Summer Exchange
2016
Awarded to only 93 students of the cohort
Researched, designed and crafted ceramic products using traditional techniques in Jing De Zhen, the porcelain capital of China
Course studied: Design Fiction, Design Thinking and Expression, History of Chinese Painting


Pioneer Junior College
GCE A-Level, Rank Points 85 / 90
Awarded Principal's List, Certificate of Academic Achievement and Award for Achievement, Good Leadership and Service
Represented College and Singapore in World Scholars’ Cup, a prestigious international multi-disciplinary academic decathlon, clinching numerous accolades
Member of Sirius Scholar Programme for good academic standing and excellent conduct
Member of Nobel House Executive Committee, organizing House bonding activities and leading the House cheers in sports and other events held in school
Course studied: H2 Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics and Economics


Anderson Secondary School
GCE O-Level, L1R5: 6 (Raw: 10)
Awarded Good Progress Award
Represented school as commander for Girl Guides Thinking Day 2011
Clinched Girl Guide Singapore Puan Noor Aishah (PNA) Gold Award for 3 consecutive years
Course studied: Double Science, Double Mathematics, Double Humanities and Higher Chinese


Masters Coursework

CS5223 Distributed Systems (A+)
CS5231 Systems Security
CS5232 Formal Specification and Design Techniques (A+)
CS5234 Algorithms at Scale
CS5239 Computer System Performance Analysis
CS5340 Uncertainty Modelling in AI
CS5421 Database Applications Design and Tuning (A+)
CS5446 AI Planning and Decision Making (A+)
CS5477 3D Computer Vision
CS5478 Intelligent Robots: Algorithms and Systems


Undergraduate Coursework

Relevant Freshmore Courses:
Advanced Maths I
Advanced Maths II
Modelling the Systems World

Relevant ESD Core Courses:
Advanced Topics in Optimization
Engineering Systems Design
Decision Analysis
Introduction to Stochastic Modelling
Network Modelling
Operations Management
Optimization
Probability
Project Management
Simulation
Statistics
Quality & Reliability

Relevant Financial Services Electives:
Derivative Pricing and Risk Management
Financial Systems Design
Investment Science
Machine Learning
The Analytics Edge

Relevant Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences (HASS):
Microeconomics
Organizational Processes
The Word and the World

View the full list on desktop version.


Masters Coursework

Jan - Jun
Jul - Dec
Uncertainty Modelling in AI

Uncertainty Modelling in AI covers modelling methods for reasoning with uncertainty. This course covers probabilistic models including Bayesian networks and Markov networks. It has applications in speech, vision, natural language processing, medical informatics, bioinformatics, data mining and others.

Topics covered include Conditional Independence, Graphical Models, Inference using Graphical Models and Learning from Data etc.

Algorithms at Scale

Algorithms at Scale covers advanced techniques for design and analysis of algorithms and data structures, with emphasis on efficiency and scalability. This course covers a variety of algorithmic topics when copying very large data sets, including modern tools and techniques in algorithm design to handle scaling data and streaming data.

Topics covered include Sampling, Markov Chains, Sublinear-time Algorithms, Moment Estimation, Dimension Reduction, Compressive Sensing, Locality-Sensitive Hashing, Online Learning etc.

3D Computer Vision

3D Computer Vision covers mathematical concepts and algorithm that recover 3D geometry of camera motions and structures in its environment.

Topics covered include Projective Geometry, Camera Model, One-/Two-/Three-/N-View Reconstructions, Stereo, Generalized Cameras and Nonrigid Structure-from-Motion etc.

Systems Security

Systems Security introduces fundamental notions and requirements in computer system security and mechanisms that provide security in various systems and applications. It covers security perspective in popular computer systems, such as desktop systems, mobile systems, and web-based systems.

Topics covered include Software Security, Operating System Security, Mobile Security, Web Security, Trusted Platforms, and Auditing and Forensic Analysis etc.



Distributed Systems (A+)

Distributed Systems provides basic concepts and principles of distributed operating systems, interprocess communications, distributed file systems, shared data, and the middleware approach.

Topics covered include Characteristics of Distributed Systems, Process Management Communication in Distributed Systems, Distributed Synchronization, Distributed Real-time Systems, File Systems, Naming Security, Fault Tolerant Distributed Systems, Distributed Simulation, WWW as an application of Distributed Systems etc.

AI Planning and Decision Making (A+)

AI Planning and Decision Making introduces major concepts and paradigms in planning and decision making in complex environments. It covers issues, challenges, and techniques in problem representation, goal or objective specification, response selection, and action consequence for a wide range of strategic and tactical planning and decision making situations.

Topics covered include Deterministic and Nondeterministic Planning, Practical Planning, Acting under Resource Constraints and Uncertainty, Expected Utility and Rational Decision Making, Decision Networks, Markov Decision Processes, Elementary Game Theory, and Multi-agent Planning and Decision Making etc.

Database Applications Design and Tuning (A+)

Database Applications Design and Tuning addresses the design and performance tuning of database applications. This course focuses on relational database applications implemented with relational database management systems.

Topics covered include Normalization Theory (Functional, Multi-valued, Join Dependency, Normal Forms, Decomposition and Synthesis methods), Entity Relationship, SQL Tuning (Performance Evaluation, Execution Plan Verification, Indexing, De-normalization, Code Level and Transactions Tuning), Design and Performance Tuning of Non-Relational Database Applications (Network and Hierarchical Models and Nested Relational Model, XML, NoSQL systems) etc.

Intelligent Robots: Algorithms and Systems

Intelligent Robots: Algorithms and Systems introduces core algorithms and system architectures of intelligent robots. It covers main system components for sensing, decision making, and motion control and their integration for core robot capabilities, such as navigation and manipulation. It has applications in self-driving cars, aerial drones, and object manipulation.

Topics covered include key algorithms for robot intelligence through Inference, Planning, and Learning, practical experiences with modern robot systems etc.

Formal Specification and Design Techniques (A+)

Formal Specification and Design Techniques provide a precise and unambiguous description of a computer system, to verify important properties and detect design error before system development begins. This course covers various formal specification and design techniques for modelling object-oriented systems, real-time distributed systems, and concurrent reactive systems.

Topics covered include State-based Notations (Z/Object-Z), Event-based Notations (CSP/Timed-CSP), Graphical Modelling Notations (StateChart, UML) etc.

Computer System Performance Analysis

Computer System Performance Analysis provides working knowledge of computer performance evaluation and capacity planning. This course covers ways to identify performance bottlenecks, predict when performance limits of a system will be exceeded, and characterize present and future workload to perform capacity planning activities.

Topics covered include Performance Analysis Overview, Measurement Techniques and Tools including Workload Characterization, Instrumentation, Benchmarking, Analytical Modelling Techniques (Operational Analysis, Stochastic Queueing Network Analysis), Performance of Client-Server Architectures, and Capacity Planning case studies etc.



Legend:
CS Modules


Undergraduate Coursework

Jan - Apr
May - Aug
Sep - Dec
Advanced Maths I

Advanced Maths I provides firm foundations of single variable calculus. This course covers the basic concepts, techniques, and applications of two branches of calculus - differentiation and integration.

Topics covered include Computational of Derivatives, Trigonometric Functions, Mean Value Theorem, Newtons Method, Fundamental Theorem of Calculus, Techniques of Integration etc.

Advanced Maths II

Advanced Maths II is divided into Linear Algebra and Vector Calculus. Linear Algebra introduces methods of finding solution vector x in the equation Ax = b. Vector Calculus deals with single variable and multivariable functions.

Topics covered include Fundamental Theorem of Linear Algebra, Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors of a Matrix, Partial Derivatives and Linear Approximations to Multivariable functions, Level Curves, Vector Fields etc.

Chemistry and Biology: Natural World

Chemistry and Biology: Natural World presents the complementary nature of chemistry and biology by providing a solid understanding of the fundamentals of general chemistry, biochemistry, and molecular biology. This course emphasises on scientific methodologies, experimental design, problem-solving, and data analysis.

Topics covered include concepts of Atomic Structure, Thermodynamics, Acid-Base Reactions, Reaction Kinetics and Catalysis.

*Introduction to Design

Introduction to Design presents concepts of design at a variety of scales and through both engineering and architectural design disciplines. This course covers design processes, modes of thinking and analysis, relationships between form, space, structure and materiality, and social and cultural aspects of design.

*Physics I

Physics I is a first year engineering mechanics course, based on corresponding Physics I course offered at MIT.

Topics covered include One Dimensional Motion, Two Dimensional Motion, Force and Newton's Law of Motion, Energy, Systems of Particles, Center of Mass, Momentum conservation, and Two Dimensional Rotational Motion Kinematics and Dynamics.

Physics II

Physics II is a first year engineering electromagnetism course, based on similar course offered at MIT.

Topics covered include Electrostatics (Coulomb's Law, Gauss' Law), Electric Structure of Matter, Electric Current (Ohm's Law, DC Circuit Theory with capacitors), Magnetostatics (Lorentz Force Law, Biot-Savart Law, Ampere's Law), Time-Varying Fields (Faraday's Law of Induction), Maxwell's Equations (Poynting vector), Electromagnetic Waves.

World Civilisations and Texts

World Civilisations and Texts hones critical reading, writing, and thinking skills by engaging with the interpretative richness of these major documents of human civilisation. This course helps identify the connections between various texts and the ways that conversations develop between thinkers throughout history, and encourages developing own interpretations by being exposed to different ways of reading and interpreting classic texts.

Topics covered include Gender and Sexuality, Ecological Implications, Ethics, Historio-political lens and Literature and Narrative.

Theorising Society, The Self, And Culture

Theorising Society, The Self, And Culture is a social science course that provide the conceptual tools necessary to make sense of the complex problems faced in the modern world.

Topics covered include What is society and what are the social sciences, How is society organized and how does it change, How and why do people act and How do people express group values and norms.



*Engineering in the Physical World

Engineering in the Physical World covers necessary framework to understand, model and engineer the physical world at micro, macro or lumped scale.

Topics covered include Molecular Origin of Thermal and Mechanical Phenomena, Chemical and Electrical Domains, Statistical Mechanics to Thermodynamics and Macroscopic Behavior; Conservations Law for Energy, Mass, Momentum, Origins and Limits of Macroscopic Constitutive Relations, Physical Systems (Lumped Approximations, Equilibrium Networks) and Applications to Energy and Materials.

**Engineering Systems Design

Engineering Systems Design introduces various engineering systems and challenges associated with their design, planning and control. This course covers important industrial applications where system thinking and modelling improve system performance. This includes identifying, evaluating and modelling the objects of an engineering system, the stakeholders, the key performance criteria, key trade-offs, critical constraints, uncertainties and risks.

Topics covered include Modelling, Analysis and working with real data and leverage tools and methods from data analysis, probability and optimization.

Modelling the Systems World

Modelling the Systems World is divided into Systems Modelling and Systems Optimisation. Systems Modelling introduces the basics of mathematical modelling. Systems Optimisation covers mathematical tool for optimisation.

Topics covered include Differential Equations, Laplace Transform, Optimisation, Numerical Solution Algorithms and Networks.

Summer Exchange
Optimization

Optimization covers a broad range of optimization algorithms and models.

Topics covered include Linear Programming, Simplex Algorithm, Duality, Sensitivity Analysis, Two Player Zero-Sum Games, Network Optimization, Minimum Cost Flow, Network Simplex Algorithm, Integer Programming, Branch and Bound Methods, Cutting Plane Methods and Dynamic Programming.

*The Digital World

The Digital World covers the principles of modularity and abstraction, two fundamental ideas in many areas of design.

Topics covered include Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) and how to model state machines using abstraction provided in OOP in Python programming language.

@ Zhe Jiang University
Probability

Probability covers the basic tools for modelling and analyzing situations that involve uncertainty and will consider applications in various fields.

Topics covered include Axioms of Probability, Conditional Probability and Independence, Random Variables (Discrete, Continous, Jointly Distributed), Random Vectors, Probability Distribution, Properties of Expectation and Limit Theorems.

*Biology

Biology focuses on the fundamental principles of cellular biology and genetics. The course focus on the intrinsic and extrinsic factors that influence the normal functioning of biological systems at different levels or organization and how current technology has driven scientific investigation and advancement of our understanding of biological systems.

Topics covered include Cell Signaling, Cell Cycle, Cell Cycle Regulation, Sexual Reproduction, Genetic Analytics in Drosophila, Human Genetics, and Cancer.

Intro to Phys Chem

Introduction to Physical Chemistry presents a solid foundation of the fundamentals of physical chemistry from the atomic level to the molecular level.

Topics covered include Semiconductors, Quantum Dots, Spectroscopy, Transition Metals and Electrochemistry.

*China in China
Organizational Processes

Organizational Processes is organized around three different perspectives on organizations: the strategic design perspective, the political perspective, and the cultural perspective. Each perspective offers a different approach on what an organization does, and correspondingly offers different 'tools for action'. The course probe some of the psychological and social processes that inherent in organizations and examine the implications of these insights for understanding the prospects and challenges of working in organizations.



**Operations Management

Operations Management is an introduction to methods for managing manufacturing and service operations. Special emphasis will be given to the link between operational issues and strategic objectives regarding cost, responsiveness, flexibility, product variety, and customer differentiation. This course also discuss the implications of various emerging technologies, business practices and government regulations.

Topics covered include Production Planning and Scheduling, Inventory Control, Supply Chain Coordination, Service System Design and Queuing Theory.

Decision Analysis

Decision Analysis introduces decision analysis tools and methods with a focus on decision making under uncertainty and the structuring of hard decision problems in engineering, business and public policy contexts. The value of flexibility in engineering systems is also appreciated through building models.

Topics covered include discounted cash flow analysis, heuristics and biases, structuring and solving decision trees, applying Bayes' Theorem to update prior distributions upon observing new information and calculate the value of information, expected utility theory and modelling using Monte Carlo simulation.

Quality & Reliability

Quality & Reliability introduces modern methods and strategies (i.e. statistical quality control, design of experiments, six sigma) to analyze, manage and improve engineering quality and reliability.

Topics covered include key concepts, principles and methods for quality design and their applications to various areas in practice.

Statistics

Statistics provides an introduction to applied statistics and data analysis. Applications and examples based on engineering systems data will be given.

Topics covered include Collecting and Exploring Data, Estimation and Hypothesis Testing, Linear Regression, Analysis of Variance and Elementary Methods in Non-Parametric Statistics.

Internship
Simulation

Simulation introduces the basic ideas of simulation and its use in the analysis of various systems.

Topics covered include use and examples of simulation, general principles, statistical models, random number generators, analysis of simulation data and applications.

Project Mgmt

Project Management covers theory, models, methods and skills needed for project management, introducing leadership, communication and teamwork skills as relevant for successful projects.

Topics covered include network models for conceptualizing projects, planning and scheduling methods for project management, methods for addressing project dynamics due to task uncertainty and project risk, monitoring and rescheduling of projects, project accounting and organizational considerations in managing people and projects.

Stochastic Model

Introduction to Stochastic Modelling deals with the use of probability to model such situations in which uncertainty is present. This course aims at providing basic tools in the analysis of stochastic models and processes.

Topics covered include Discrete Time Markov Chains, Poisson Processes, Continuous-time Markov Chains and Queueing Systems.

**Network Modelling

Network Modelling demonstrates how the analysis of network models and algorithms are applied to designing, planning and operating various types of engineering systems.

Topics covered include Fundamentals of Graph Theory, Network Structures and Properties, Network Dynamics and Evolution, Network Performance and Information Flows and will illustrate these concepts through variety of technical and sociological examples.

@ KPMG
Investment Science

Investment Science focus on the financial theory of asset pricing. While it is broad in scope and covers many different topics relating to finance, particular emphasis will be placed on topics related to financial markets.

Topics covered include present value, asset valuation, expected utility, portfolio selection and the trade-off between risk and return.

Rice Cultures

Rice Cultures Technology, Society, and Environment in Asia covers the social scientific study of human-environment interactions through the history and culture of a single agricultural crop: rice. The long history of the cultivation of rice forms the core of an independent origin of civilization, distinct from other Eurasians sites that were all based around wheat/barley and millet. Some scholars hypothesize that the cultivation of rice supports a distinctive Asian form of society and mode of historical or technological development, that differs from standard frameworks of 'Western' modernization. This course explores how the cultivation of rice raises exciting and provocative questions about the relationships among society, technology and environment and asks whether Asia's history and culture of rice and provide an alternative figure of technological development and design, and perhaps a model for a sustainable relationship between human and their natural environments.

Microeconomics

Microeconomics seeks to understand economic behavior by starting with individual economic agents - consumer and firms - and move from a bottom-up approach to understand market demand and supply.

Topics covered include analyzing market in equilibrium, advantages and disadvantages of various market structures and circumstances under which the market runs into difficulties for delivering efficient outcomes.



**Capstone (FYP)

Capstone project brings together students from different courses to work in design teams, contributing respective expertise and skills to solve real-world challenges. It is a realistic design situation where projects usually span multiple discipines and require team-based efforts to create a solution.

The project is elaborated below.

**Capstone (FYP)

Capstone project brings together students from different courses to work in design teams, contributing respective expertise and skills to solve real-world challenges. It is a realistic design situation where projects usually span multiple discipines and require team-based efforts to create a solution.

The project is elaborated below.

Derivative Pricing and Risk Management

Derivative Pricing and Risk Management introduces the theory and practice of mathematical finance.

Topics covered include basics of derivative securities; interest rate and bonds; forward and futures contracts, hedging using futures contracts; option contracts and arbitrage relationship; binomial model, no-arbitrage pricing, risk-neutral pricing, and American options pricing; Brownian motion, Black-Scholes-Merton model, delta hedging, Greek letters, implied volatility, and volatility smile; classical and advanced portfolio management and execution models and strategies.

Financial Systems Design

Financial Systems Design is designed for students who are interested in careers in the securities, banking, and financial management and consulting industries, or as quantitative analysts in corporate treasury and finance departments of general manufacturing and service firms.

Topics covered include portfolio theory, derivatives valuation, and financial risk analysis, completing core courses in stochastic processes, optimization, simulation and statistics.

Machine Learning

Machine Learning is the study of algorithms that improve their performance at some task with experience. This course will give an in-depth understanding of a broad range of machine learning algorithms from the basic to state-of-the-art, such as: naïve Bayes, logistic regression, neural networks, clustering, probabilistic graphical models, reinforcement learning and SVMs.

Topics covered include perception, linear and logistic regression, support vector machines, kernel methods, neural networks and deep learning, clustering, generative models, mixture models and expectation maximization, hidden Markov model, Bayesian networks and reinforcement learning.

The Analytics Edge

The Analytics Edge uses data and analytics to give an edge in improving various aspects of life. The statistical software R and spreadsheets will be used in the course.

Topics covered include real world examples of how analytics is being used with examples from Moneyball, Watson and the Framingham Heart Study among others, tools of analytics such as linear and logistic regression, classification and regression trees, graphical models, visualization, text analytics, clustering and optimization in practice.

Global Shakespeares

Global Shakespeares respond to cinematic productions that restore Shakespeare's characters and themes to popular culture - both in his own time and around the world. This course will read and analyze Shakespeare's original playtexts alongside global cinematic productions of his plays. This course will analyze how these films respond to living issues of politics, gender, race and nationhood.

The Word and the World

The Word and the World introduces literary theory and provides a basic understanding of how to approach and interpret texts as a means of analysing them. The course introduces important strategies for engaging with literary texts developed in the twentieth century and beyond, paying special attention to poststructuralist theories, their precursors and legacy.

Topics covered include Structuralism and Myths, Reading and Deconstruction, Identity Politics, Foucault and the Frankfurt School and Comparativism.

*Advanced Topics in Optimisation

Advanced Topics in Optimisation focuses on modelling, formulations and optimisation techniques. This course introduces the basics and design of algebraic modelling languages and spreadsheet models for describing optimisation problems. The application techniques will be applied to proving optimality of schedules, integer programming formulations, heuristics, deterministic and stochastic dynamic optimisation frameworks.

Topics covered include single machine scheduling, parallel machine environment, flow shop scheduling, job shop scheduling and uncertainties in scheduling



Legend:
* - Academic Project elaborated below
** - Industry Project elaborated below
Freshmore Terms
ESD Core Modules
Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences (HASS)
Electives
Audit Modules




Industry Projects

Capstone (FYP): inlingua School of Languages
inlingua
Topic: Enhancing inlingua Language School Management System
Role: System Engineer
Summary: Worked in a team of 6 to improve business processes of a language school by introducing data analytics and reducing their manual workflow inefficiencies
Responsibility: In charge of the whole data analytics part of the project
Tools: Python, AMPL, Tableau, d3 JavaScript

Problem 1: To find out if the school should have more courses opened for certain languages at certain periods of the year
Problem 2: To optimize timetable scheduling (maximize classroom utility) and automate the scheduling process
Background: inlingua School of Languages in Singapore offers full-time and part-time language courses, corporate and individual tuition in 16 different languages. They also have global presence with 324 language centres in 37 countries across Europe, Africa, Asia, North and South America as of 2018. There is an absence of data analytics (problem 1) and this project also aims to reduce manual efficiencies in the workflow (problem 2).

For Problem 1:
Using Tableau and Python, initial analysis is able to show the popularity of different language courses at different times of the year, using student hours as a proxy for popularity.
Using Python, a Seasonal AutoRegressive Integrated Moving Average with eXogenous regressors (SARIMAX) model was used to predict student hours for popular language courses that follow a seasonal trend, with the performance metric being the root mean squared error of the predictions with the actual student hours.
Using D3.js, student hour forecasts for different languages across time was visualized on an interactive plot, and was further integrated into the Admin Portal.

For Problem 2:
Using AMPL, the scheduling optimization problem was coded out and solved with Gurobi solver, a commercial solver for integer programming. Hard and soft constraints were used to allow flexibility in the optimization model.
Using Python, the optimal timetable output was visualized on a Gantt chart, and was further integrated into the Admin Portal.

This scheduling process, which was previously done manually and on a weekly basis, is now automated with additional smart algorithms to maximize classroom utility levels, generated on a weekly basis.


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1. Interctive d3.js Student Hours graph with predictions
1. Interctive d3.js Student Hours graph with predictions
2. Centrality
2. Sample Output Timetable for one day


Network Modelling: Singapore Bus Service (SBS)
SBS
Topic: SBS Network Model
Role: Project Leader
Summary: Led a team of 4 to find out relationship between the bus services in Singapore given a network model
Tools: Python, R

To find out relationship between the bus services in Singapore given a network model
Background: Undirected graph with nodes representing bus numbers and weight of edges representing the number of common bus stops between buses. There are 322 nodes (buses) and 8958 edges.

Using Python, initial analysis is able show the different centrality (level of importance) of the network; degree centrality, eigenvector centrality, katz centrality and betweenness centrality. From the top 5 ranking of each centrality, there were only 9 unique bus numbers.
Using R, an interactive network, as shown below, is churned out with only the 9 unique bus numbers. It can be noticed that they are very interconnected.



Using Python, further information can be extracted regarding degree distribution, diameter (longest shortest path), path, modularity (degree of clustering of nodes) and cliques. View the photos below to know more about the results.


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1. R Code
1. R Code
2. Centrality
2. Centrality
3. Degree Distribution and Diameter
3. Degree Distribution and Diameter
4. Path
4. Path
5. Modularity
5. Modularity


Operations Management: YCH Group
YCH
Topic: Inventory Level Optimizing
Role: Project Member
Summary: Worked in a team of 5 to forecast demand to optimize inventory planning and restocking policy for a client of YCH, a supply chain company in Singapore
Tools: Python, R, ExtendSim

To forecast demand to optimize inventory planning and restocking policy
Problem: Company B, a client of YCH, faces stock-out of products due to unexpected demand which result in loss of sales. Also, they are not maximizing profit as they use a pure freight mode, air freight, which is expensive as they do not order in bulk.

Using R, the products that are most popular are identified and singled out for further analysis.
Using Python, by data visualisation, the same popular products corresponds to products that generate highest sales revenue.

Our proposed methodology includes
1. Remove obsolete products from warehouse
By removing obsolete inventory items that are in stock but have not been ordered for more than 2 years, this frees up more space in the warehouse for other fast moving products.

2. Identify and readjust the optimal PAR/order-up-to level
As Company B uses a PAR (Periodic Automatic Replacement) level model, a pull system inventory control, it employs a just-in-time concept. Loss of sales due to stock-outs can be reduced by readjusting the optimal PAR level.
Using statistical analysis, we realized the data of quantity order per day for each product fits a Poisson distribution.
By applying the poisson distributed demand, the optimal PAR level is obtained for different fill rate for each product.

3. Employ dual freight transportation
To reduce transportation cost for Company B, slow freight mode (shipping) can be introduced and used in complementary with the existing fast mode (air freight).
Using ExtendSim, the new model of increased par level and dual freight mode can be visualized.

Our suggested model prioritises shipping as the preferred choice of mode of delivery with par level 6. Unless inventory level drops below 4, air freight will be the preferred choice. Whereas Company B's existing model only consists of air freight mode of delivery and a par level of 5.
Running the simulation 10 times, there is significant transport cost savings ($2553 per product per year) and less occurrences of stock-outs. View the photos below to know more about our results.


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1. Poster
1. Poster
2. Product by Popularity
2. Product by Popularity
3. Product by Sales Revenue
3. Product by Sales Revenue
4. Poisson Distributed Demand
4. Poisson Distributed Demand
5. Adjusted vs Original PAR Level
5. Adjusted vs Original PAR Level
6. ExtendSim Simulation
6. ExtendSim Simulation
7. ExtendSim Simulation Results
7. ExtendSim Simulation Results


Engineering Systems Design: Park Avenue Hotel
Park Avenue Hotel
Topic: Maximising Revenue per Available Time-Based Unit
Role: Project Leader
Summary: Led a team of 4 to determine the ideal hotel rate based on occupancy rate forecast and other variables in order to maximize revenue for a hotel company in Singapore
Tools: SQL, R

To determine the ideal hotel rate based on occupancy rate forecast and other variables in order to maximize revenue.
Problem: Hotel prices are not set at the highest walkaway rate; the maximum price that will cause customers to 'walk away' and hence not maximizing their revenue.

From the preliminary analysis, irrelevant data is eliminated and there was a need to categorize data into weekdays and weekends. 70% of data is also assigned as 'training data' and 30% as 'testing data' to be able to test our final model.

Our data discovery findings:
1. Price and occupancy are not strongly correlated
Using R, the scatter diagram of room prices against occupancy yields an R-squared value of 0.07289, implying weak to no correlation.

2. Setting price using lowess function
Using R, a lowess function (scatter plot smoothing tool) calculates and plot the average price of each occupancy. This line is fairly straight and can be used as a guideline for base price or ceiling price.

3. Events are significant factor of room prices
Using R, the lowess function is applied again after splitting the data into 'Days with Events in Singapore' and 'Days without Events in Singapore'. The line is consistently higher across all occupancy rates when there are events in Singapore. The location of events also affect the room prices.

4. Month of the year does not affect room prices
5. Last week prices can act as a pricing guideline
6. Competitor prices can act as a pricing guideline

From all the factors affecting room prices, a spreadsheet is generated consisting of the lower bound / upper bound rates to set at for different days.
Improved pricing model at lower bound rates will give expected revenue increase of 4.2%.


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1. Poster
1. Poster
2. Outline
2. Outline
3. Room Rates with Lowess Function
3. Room Rates with Lowess Function
4. Room Rates with Lowess Function filtered by Events
4. Room Rates with Lowess Function filtered by Events




Academic Projects

Advanced Topics in Optimisation: Traveling Salesman Problem
Map
To determine the shortest possible route linking all hawker centres in Singapore, starting and ending the route at Bugis MRT

Using Python and web scraping techniques, the distance data between different hawker centres were obtained with Google Maps API.
Using AMPL, distance optimization problem was coded and solved with Gurobi solver.
Using QGIS, it enabled the visualization of spatial data and the shortest optimal route was overlaid over the map.


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1. Problem Statement 1
2. Visual Solution for Problem 1
3. Mathematical Formulation for Problem 1
4. AMPL output for Problem 1
5. Problem Statement 2
6. Visual Solution for Problem 2


The Digital World: MultiSense
Poster
With the identified problem of inability to find a meeting room in hostel for project discussion and not knowing where certain classrooms are located in school (i.e. Think Tank 16). My group devised a solution whereby a light and temperature sensor will be placed in the room to confirm the occupancy of the meeting room. The data is then uploaded to a firebase periodically and synced over to an application.
Applied the knowledge of Python for firebase uploading and Kivy for application user interface.


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1. Poster
1. Poster
2. Schematics
2. Schematics
3. Kivy Interface (Main Page)
3. Kivy Interface (Main Page)
4. Kivy Interface (Check Availability)
4. Kivy Interface (Check Availability)
5. Kivy Interface (Hostel)
5. Kivy Interface (Hostel)
6. Kivy Interface (Navigation)
6. Kivy Interface (Navigation)
7. Kivy Interface (Location)
7. Kivy Interface (Location)
8. Kivy Interface (Location Zoomed)
8. Kivy Interface (Location Zoomed)


Summer Exchange: China in China
Theme Logo
The project aims to explore a variety of ceramic modelling and materials. During our stay at Jing De Zhen, the porcelain capital of China, my group and I picked up skills to create our very own ceramic series that emphasise on texture and product creativity. Ceramic possesses strong cultural values and aesthetics. While it used to be wisely used in buildings and accessories, today we can redesign ceramic with modern technology to explore new functions and decoration methods.

My ceramic product, titled "Handy Cup Series", was inspired by Chinese acupuncture hand models and I wanted to incorporate the design with an everyday item. First, I had to sketch my designs and prototype it with soft clay to familiarise with the techniques that will be involved and also to test the feasibility of the design. After finalising my design, I was handed actual ceramic clay in Jing De Zhen and my final mold was glazed and put in a kiln.


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1. Ceramic poster
1. Ceramic poster
2. Sketching phase
2. Sketching phase
3. Prototyping phase
3. Prototyping phase
4. Molding phase
4. Molding phase
5. My very own ceramic products
5. My very own ceramic products


Introduction to Design: REdefine - Smart Adjustable Locker Space (SALS)
Theme Logo
Lockers that can fit objects of all shapes and sizes perfectly without a waste of space. Using intuitive scanning and simple user interface, user is able to 3D scan an object for its size and dimensions. With smart matter, space optimization algorithm is used for storage inspired by Tetris gameplay. Object is then able to be placed into the locker by its modular adaptability.


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1. SALS poster
1. SALS poster
2. Main structure of locker
2. Main structure of locker
3. Door mechanism of locker
3. Door mechanism of locker
4. Side view of door mechanism
4. Side view of door mechanism


Physics I: Ivory Launcher
Launcher front view
My team built a projectile launcher that could be used in an educational setting to demonstrate the basic law of kinematics, and for students to map what they have learnt in theory to real life. The projectile launcher is spring-loaded, mostly 6mm plywood and assembled using mainly nails and enforced with a glue gun. The angle and speed of launch (converted from elastic potential energy of springs) can be varied and the distance that the projectile travelled can be calculated quite accurately.


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1. Launcher front view
1. Launcher front view
2. Launcher description
2. Launcher description


Engineering in the Physical World: Rave Thermoelectric Generator
RAVE
My team made use of the Seebeck effect to convert temperature difference (heat energy) into electricity to power a buzzer. Replacing the buzzer with a radiowave emitter, this can help us locate victims in the event of a disaster as it is easily made and easy-to-use.


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1. RAVE
1. RAVE
2. R
2. R
3. AV
3. AV
4. E
4. E


Engineering in the Physical World: Incubator
Incubator top view
My team designed and built an incubator that can maintain a constant temperature using Peltier modules. The aim is to minimize heat loss in the set-up and minimize the size and weight of incubator to make it compact enough for an eBot to transport it around.


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1. Incubator top view
1. Incubator top view
2. Incubator description
2. Incubator description


Biology: Effect of UV Radiation on Bacteria
Microscopic view
Through the process of serial dilution, my group designed an experiment to test the effect of UV rays of different wavelength on bacteria.


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1. Microscopic view
1. Microscopic view
2. Experiment setup
2. Experiment setup
3. Experiment results
3. Experiment results